calculate oa pr1 pr2 – calculate OA, PR1, and PR2? This information dives deep into the sector of educational metrics, explaining exactly find out how to resolve those the most important values. We’re going to quilt the entirety from the fundamentals of OA, PR1, and PR2, to the quite a lot of calculation strategies, knowledge resources, and sensible packages. Get in a position to free up the secrets and techniques in the back of those metrics and grasp their calculation!
OA, or Open Get admission to, refers to freely to be had analysis. PR1 and PR2 are metrics ceaselessly used to evaluate the affect of publications, however their exact calculation strategies can range relying at the particular context and supply.
Creation to OA, PR1, and PR2
Open Get admission to (OA), PR1, and PR2 are the most important metrics within the realm of educational publishing and analysis analysis. OA indicates the unfastened availability of scholarly paintings on-line, disposing of conventional limitations to get entry to. PR1 and PR2, ceaselessly a part of quotation research, quantify the affect of a newsletter in response to citations won inside a selected time-frame. Figuring out those metrics is very important for researchers, publishers, and establishments striving to guage and support the affect in their paintings.Those metrics are extensively utilized in educational promotion, grant packages, and total analysis affect review.
The accessibility of OA publications advantages the wider analysis group by way of enabling larger wisdom dissemination and collaboration. PR1 and PR2 supply a quantitative measure of ways a lot a newsletter is getting used and cited by way of different researchers, which is ceaselessly thought to be a proxy for its significance and affect inside a selected box.
Definitions and Descriptions
| Metric | Definition | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Open Get admission to (OA) | Loose on-line availability of scholarly analysis articles. | OA publications are out there to someone with an web connection, not like conventional subscription-based journals. This promotes wider dissemination of information and larger collaboration amongst researchers. |
| PR1 | Quotation rely inside the first 12 months of newsletter. | PR1 measures the fast affect of a analysis article. A excessive PR1 suggests important passion and engagement by way of the analysis group within the first 12 months after newsletter. |
| PR2 | Quotation rely inside the first two years of newsletter. | PR2 expands on PR1 by way of together with citations won all the way through the second one 12 months. It supplies a extra complete image of a newsletter’s affect inside the first two years of its liberate. |
Other Calculation Strategies
PageRank (PR) calculations, in particular PR1 and PR2, have advanced over the years. Early iterations trusted more effective algorithms, however fashionable strategies make use of extra refined tactics. Figuring out those permutations is the most important for comprehending the intricacies of PageRank and its affect on SEO ().Quite a lot of strategies exist for calculating PageRank, every with its personal strengths and weaknesses. Other algorithms seize other facets of hyperlink construction and affect, resulting in various effects.
The number of way ceaselessly relies on the precise objectives of the research and the to be had knowledge.
Other PageRank Calculation Approaches
A number of approaches exist for calculating PageRank, every with its personal formulation and iterative procedure. Figuring out those strategies lets in for a deeper perception into the PageRank set of rules and its utility.
- Iterative Means: This technique is a foundational means. It starts with an preliminary PageRank distribution and iteratively refines it in response to the hyperlink construction of the internet. This iterative procedure converges in opposition to a strong PageRank distribution. The calculation comes to distributing the rank rankings from high-authority pages to these they hyperlink to, steadily adjusting rankings around the community.
- Matrix Means: This means makes use of a matrix illustration of the internet graph to calculate PageRank. The matrix, ceaselessly a big sparse matrix, encodes the hyperlink construction between pages. Eigenvalue decomposition or iterative strategies are hired to seek out the eigenvector representing the PageRank rankings. This technique supplies a extra mathematical and structured manner of viewing the calculation. It is computationally extensive for extraordinarily extensive graphs.
Instance of Iterative Calculation
The iterative way comes to a number of steps. Imagine a simplified instance with simplest 3 pages (A, B, and C).
- Preliminary PageRank: Assign an preliminary PageRank price to every web page (e.g., 1/3 for every web page).
- Hyperlink Distribution: Web page A hyperlinks to pages B and C. Web page B hyperlinks to web page A. Web page C hyperlinks to pages A and B. The PageRank of A is sent proportionally to the pages it hyperlinks to. On this case, A distributes 1/3 of its PageRank to B and 1/3 to C.
- Iteration: This procedure is repeated a couple of instances, updating the PageRank of every web page in response to the PageRank of the pages linking to it. The iterative calculations will ultimately converge in opposition to a strong PageRank distribution. The precise steps depends upon the precise implementation.
- Convergence: The method continues till the PageRank values for every web page stabilize. This means that the set of rules has reached a gentle state, reflecting the relative significance of every web page inside the graph.
Comparability Desk of Calculation Strategies
The next desk summarizes the important thing variations between iterative and matrix strategies for calculating PageRank.
| Characteristic | Iterative Means | Matrix Means |
|---|---|---|
| Method |
|
|
| Computational Complexity | In most cases decrease for smaller graphs, will also be manageable for medium-sized graphs | Upper, ceaselessly requiring really extensive computational sources for massive graphs |
| Figuring out | Rather simple to grasp the method | Extra advanced, requiring a deeper working out of linear algebra |
| Convergence | Incessantly converges to a strong resolution | Convergence relies on the process used for locating the eigenvector |
Knowledge Necessities and Assets
Correct calculation of Operational Agility (OA), Mission Readiness Stage 1 (PR1), and Mission Readiness Stage 2 (PR2) hinges severely at the high quality and relevance of the underlying knowledge. Erroneous or incomplete knowledge without delay affects the reliability of the calculated values, probably resulting in improper tests and useless decision-making. Figuring out the forms of knowledge required and their resources is paramount for generating faithful effects.
Knowledge Sorts for OA, PR1, and PR2 Calculation
The information wanted for those calculations fall into a number of key classes. Very important metrics come with venture timelines, useful resource allocation, price range adherence, and possibility tests. Quantitative knowledge on activity final touch charges, dependencies between duties, and useful resource availability are essential. Qualitative knowledge, akin to stakeholder comments, workforce morale, and the perceived stage of venture readability, supplies context and nuance to the quantitative measures.
Knowledge Assets for OA, PR1, and PR2
Quite a lot of resources can furnish the knowledge required for those calculations. Interior venture control programs, akin to Jira, Asana, or customized databases, are ceaselessly the main repositories for quantitative venture knowledge. Those programs monitor growth, points in time, useful resource usage, and price range spending. Moreover, conversation logs, stakeholder surveys, and inner venture stories be offering beneficial insights into qualitative components, together with stakeholder considerations, workforce dynamics, and venture readability.
Exterior knowledge resources, akin to business benchmarks and competitor analyses, will also be useful for context and comparability.
Significance of Knowledge Accuracy and Reliability, calculate oa pr1 pr2
Knowledge accuracy is paramount for exact calculations of OA, PR1, and PR2. Erroneous knowledge can skew the effects, resulting in misinterpretations of the venture’s present state and doable long term results. Knowledge reliability is similarly the most important; making sure the knowledge’s foundation and verifying its integrity is very important. For example, manually entered knowledge may include mistakes if now not in moderation reviewed.
In a similar fashion, depending on old-fashioned or incomplete knowledge units can produce deceptive tests. The trustworthiness of the effects hinges without delay at the reliability and high quality of the enter knowledge.
Knowledge Supply Desk
| Knowledge Supply | Form of Data |
|---|---|
| Mission Control Device (e.g., Jira, Asana) | Activity final touch charges, timelines, useful resource allocation, price range knowledge, dependencies between duties |
| Stakeholder Surveys | Stakeholder comments, considerations, belief of venture readability, workforce morale |
| Interior Mission Stories | Mission growth summaries, possibility tests, useful resource availability updates |
| Conversation Logs | Dialogue threads, emails, and different kinds of conversation offering insights into venture problems, resolutions, and workforce interactions |
| Business Benchmarks | Moderate venture final touch instances, useful resource usage charges, and not unusual demanding situations in an identical tasks |
Sensible Software Examples: How To Calculate Oa Pr1 Pr2
Figuring out OA (Alternative Space), PR1 (Number one Explanation why 1), and PR2 (Number one Explanation why 2) is the most important for strategic decision-making. Sensible utility lets in companies to spot key spaces for expansion, perceive the using forces in the back of marketplace developments, and allocate sources successfully. The next examples display how those calculations are utilized in real-world situations.
Actual-International State of affairs: Marketplace Growth
A tech corporate, “InnovateTech,” is thinking about increasing into a brand new marketplace phase. They wish to resolve the possible profitability and determine the main causes in the back of doable luck or failure. Making use of OA, PR1, and PR2 calculations is helping them overview the viability of this growth.
Detailed Calculation Instance
InnovateTech identifies a possible alternative house (OA) within the good house equipment marketplace. They hypothesize that expanding call for for energy-efficient home equipment will force marketplace expansion. They then determine the 2 number one causes (PR1 and PR2) in the back of this expansion:
- PR1: Emerging calories prices incentivize shoppers to undertake energy-efficient home equipment.
- PR2: Govt incentives for energy-efficient merchandise stimulate call for.
To estimate the possible marketplace measurement, InnovateTech collects knowledge on calories intake developments, govt insurance policies, and competitor choices. The information displays an expanding call for for energy-efficient home equipment prior to now 3 years, with a projected expansion price of 15% once a year. The federal government incentives are projected to stay in position for the following 5 years.
Knowledge Used:
- Present Marketplace Dimension: $5 Billion
- Projected Expansion Price: 15% once a year
- Projected Period of Govt Incentives: 5 years
Calculation (Illustrative):
The use of a easy expansion fashion, InnovateTech estimates the possible marketplace measurement in 5 years: Marketplace Dimension (12 months 5) = Marketplace Dimension (12 months 0)
(1 + Expansion Price)^5
Marketplace Dimension (12 months 5) = $5 Billion – (1 + 0.15)^5 Marketplace Dimension (12 months 5) = $9.7 Billion
This calculation suggests a considerable alternative within the good house equipment marketplace, pushed by way of the recognized PR1 and PR2. The projected marketplace measurement is a the most important issue for useful resource allocation and long term product building.
Abstract Desk of Eventualities and Calculations
| State of affairs | Alternative Space (OA) | Number one Explanation why 1 (PR1) | Number one Explanation why 2 (PR2) | Calculation Sort | Estimated End result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marketplace Growth into Sensible House Home equipment | Expanding call for for energy-efficient home equipment | Emerging calories prices | Govt incentives | Easy Expansion Style | Attainable marketplace measurement of $9.7 Billion in 5 years |
| New Product Release in E-Trade | Rising on-line buying groceries development | Higher web penetration | Comfort of on-line buying groceries | Regression Research | Projected gross sales of one million gadgets within the first 12 months |
Gear and Device for Calculation
A big selection of tool and gear are to be had to streamline the calculation of Open Get admission to (OA) metrics, together with Article Processing Fees (APCs), and Put up or Perish (PR1 and PR2) metrics. Those gear automate advanced calculations, scale back guide mistakes, and supply complete reporting functions, in the long run saving researchers and librarians treasured time and sources. Choosing the proper software relies on particular wishes, price range, and technical experience.Efficient usage of those gear empowers researchers to correctly assess their scholarly affect and monitor their growth over the years.
Additionally they facilitate complete research of the wider scholarly panorama, providing treasured insights into the developments and patterns in publishing.
Spreadsheet Device (e.g., Microsoft Excel, Google Sheets)
Spreadsheet tool supplies a elementary but robust platform for calculating OA, PR1, and PR2 metrics. Their flexibility lets in for custom designed formulation and knowledge manipulation, making them appropriate for smaller-scale analyses and person analysis tasks. Those gear are ceaselessly readily to be had and require minimum coaching, thus presenting a cheap possibility.
- Knowledge Access and Group: Knowledge will also be simply entered, arranged, and formatted inside spreadsheets. This structured means facilitates the enter of related knowledge, akin to magazine titles, newsletter dates, and metrics related to articles.
- Method Introduction: Customized formulation will also be designed to calculate OA, PR1, and PR2 metrics without delay from the enter knowledge. Those formulation will also be tailored to fit particular analysis questions and research goals.
- Boundaries: Spreadsheet tool won’t be offering refined visualization or reporting options in comparison to devoted statistical programs. For enormous datasets, guide calculations and formulation upkeep can change into bulky.
Devoted Statistical Device (e.g., R, SPSS)
Devoted statistical tool programs be offering complicated statistical modeling and visualization functions. Those gear excel at dealing with advanced datasets, acting refined calculations, and producing detailed stories. They’re ceaselessly most well-liked for in-depth analyses and large-scale analysis tasks.
- Complex Statistical Modeling: Those methods permit for stylish statistical modeling, enabling researchers to research the connection between variables, akin to newsletter counts and analysis investment, or read about the affect of quite a lot of components on OA and PR1/PR2 metrics.
- Complete Visualization: Statistical tool supplies complete visualization choices, permitting researchers to create insightful graphs and charts to constitute their findings and enhance their conclusions. Examples come with histograms, scatter plots, and line graphs for example developments and patterns in analysis output.
- Knowledge Control: Those methods generally be offering effective knowledge control functions, making an allowance for the import, manipulation, and research of quite a lot of knowledge sorts, from uncooked knowledge to pre-compiled datasets.
- Finding out Curve: The training curve for devoted statistical tool will also be steeper than for spreadsheet tool, requiring a extra really extensive funding in coaching and technical experience.
Specialised OA Metrics Gear (e.g., Dimensions, Scopus, Internet of Science)
Many educational databases, akin to Dimensions, Scopus, and Internet of Science, be offering specialised gear for calculating and examining OA metrics. Those platforms ceaselessly supply direct get entry to to complete knowledge units and integrated analytical purposes. Then again, those gear ceaselessly require subscription charges.
- Knowledge Get admission to: Those gear supply direct get entry to to complete knowledge units and facilitate the extraction of knowledge associated with OA publications, together with magazine titles, newsletter dates, and article quotation counts. The guidelines is most often arranged and structured, which simplifies knowledge enter and research.
- Built-in Metrics: They ceaselessly combine OA metrics without delay into their platform, facilitating effective calculation and research. This avoids the will for separate knowledge resources and guide calculations.
- Complex Analytics: Specialised OA gear ceaselessly be offering extra refined analytical functions, making an allowance for comparisons throughout other disciplines and analysis spaces, or comparisons over the years.
- Value: Those platforms most often contain subscription charges, which generally is a important funding, particularly for researchers or establishments with restricted budgets.
Comparability Desk of Calculation Gear
| Instrument | Ease of Use | Knowledge Dealing with Capability | Analytical Functions | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spreadsheet Device | Prime | Average | Elementary | Low |
| Devoted Statistical Device | Medium | Prime | Complex | Medium to Prime |
| Specialised OA Metrics Gear | Variable | Prime | Complex | Prime |
Interpretation and Research of Effects
Deciphering the result of OA, PR1, and PR2 calculations is the most important for working out the efficiency of a given entity. This comes to examining the numerical outputs to spot developments, patterns, and doable implications. Other results represent various ranges of affect and affect, highlighting strengths and weaknesses in numerous facets of the analysis. Prime or low values for those metrics supply insights into the entity’s place relative to its friends and the full marketplace panorama.Efficient interpretation comes to extra than simply having a look on the numbers; it necessitates a deeper working out of the context and components influencing the calculation.
This segment will delve into the importance of various results and illustrate find out how to assess the consequences of excessive or low values for OA, PR1, and PR2.
Importance of Other Results
Figuring out the context surrounding the calculations is paramount to deciphering the effects. A excessive rating in a single metric may well be very good in a single business however reasonable or deficient in any other. For instance, a excessive OA rating may point out remarkable total efficiency in a aggressive marketplace, whilst a an identical rating in a much less saturated marketplace will not be as important.
In a similar fashion, excessive PR1 or PR2 rankings may mirror robust relationships or a well-established community, however the particular interpretation is dependent closely at the business and the traits of the entities being when compared.
Attainable Implications of Prime and Low Values
The results of excessive or low values for OA, PR1, and PR2 are multifaceted. Prime OA rankings normally point out a robust and influential presence, whilst low rankings counsel a weaker presence. Prime PR1 and PR2 rankings counsel powerful relationships and a well-established community, whilst low rankings point out doable obstacles in those spaces.
Illustrative Desk of Results and Meanings
| Metric | Prime Price | Low Price | Attainable Which means |
|---|---|---|---|
| OA | Robust presence, excessive affect, aggressive merit | Weaker presence, much less affect, doable for growth | Prime OA may point out an important marketplace proportion or robust emblem popularity, whilst a low rating may counsel a necessity for larger visibility or outreach methods. |
| PR1 | Robust relationships, efficient community, get entry to to sources | Restricted relationships, weaker community, doable useful resource obstacles | Prime PR1 signifies a well-connected community, probably resulting in collaborations, partnerships, or get entry to to treasured sources. Conversely, a low PR1 may sign a wish to domesticate relationships and construct a more potent community. |
| PR2 | Robust collaborations, strategic alliances, get entry to to specialised experience | Restricted collaborations, fewer strategic alliances, probably restricted get entry to to specialised experience | Prime PR2 suggests an important presence in strategic collaborations and get entry to to various experience, probably resulting in innovation and marketplace management. Low PR2 may point out a wish to foster collaborations and search partnerships with complementary entities. |
Commonplace Pitfalls and Mistakes
Calculating Alternative Review (OA), Profitability Ratio 1 (PR1), and Profitability Ratio 2 (PR2) calls for meticulous consideration to element. Mistakes in knowledge assortment, calculation, or interpretation can considerably affect the accuracy and reliability of the effects. Figuring out doable pitfalls is the most important for generating significant and actionable insights.Mistakes in those calculations may end up in misinterpretations of commercial efficiency, improper strategic choices, and in the long run, lowered profitability.
Moderately scrutinizing the knowledge assortment procedure and calculation strategies is helping to keep away from those pitfalls and guarantees the reliability of the findings.
Knowledge Assortment Mistakes
Erroneous or incomplete knowledge is a widespread supply of mistakes in OA, PR1, and PR2 calculations. Knowledge assortment strategies should be rigorous and well-defined to attenuate those mistakes.
- Erroneous Knowledge Access: Guide knowledge access is liable to human error. Errors in typing figures, the use of mistaken gadgets, or transcribing knowledge from one supply to any other may end up in important inaccuracies. The use of automatic knowledge access programs and cross-checking knowledge access with unique resources reduces the chance of this mistake.
- Incomplete Knowledge Units: Lacking knowledge issues can skew effects, in particular when calculating ratios. For instance, lacking gross sales figures for a selected product line may result in faulty PR1 calculations. Methods for dealing with lacking knowledge, akin to the use of imputation tactics or disposing of related knowledge issues, must be obviously explained and documented.
- Knowledge Inconsistency: Inconsistent gadgets of dimension or other time classes for knowledge assortment may cause discrepancies. For example, evaluating gross sales figures in US bucks to these in Euros with out conversion or evaluating quarterly figures with annual figures, with out right kind scaling, can create false impressions.
Calculation Mistakes
Mistakes within the calculation procedure can stand up from misunderstandings of the formulation or mistaken utility of mathematical operations.
- Method Misapplication: The use of the mistaken formulation for calculating a specific ratio or neglecting a the most important step may end up in faulty effects. Completely working out the formulation for OA, PR1, and PR2, and meticulously following the stairs of every calculation are very important to keep away from this mistake. A complete evaluate of the formulation is beneficial.
- Mathematics Mistakes: Simple math errors, akin to mistaken addition, subtraction, multiplication, or department, may end up in faulty effects. The use of spreadsheets or calculators to accomplish those calculations and checking the effects for accuracy can decrease the chance of those mistakes.
- Rounding Mistakes: Rounding figures to an beside the point choice of decimal puts may end up in cumulative mistakes, in particular in calculations involving many variables. The use of constant rounding regulations and strategies is necessary.
Warding off Pitfalls
Imposing powerful knowledge assortment procedures, the use of suitable calculation strategies, and using high quality assurance tests are very important steps to attenuate mistakes.
- Knowledge Validation: Imposing knowledge validation regulations all the way through knowledge assortment and access can save you the enter of misguided knowledge.
- Common Verification: Frequently reviewing the knowledge assortment procedure and calculations is helping to hit upon and rectify mistakes.
- Unbiased Verification: Having a 2d individual evaluate the knowledge and calculations can lend a hand to spot mistakes and make sure accuracy.
Abstract of Commonplace Pitfalls and Answers
| Commonplace Pitfalls | Answers |
|---|---|
| Erroneous Knowledge Access | Automatic knowledge access programs, cross-checking with unique resources |
| Incomplete Knowledge Units | Methods for dealing with lacking knowledge, e.g., imputation, removing of related knowledge issues |
| Knowledge Inconsistency | Make certain constant gadgets and time classes for knowledge assortment |
| Method Misapplication | Thorough working out of formulation, meticulous following of calculation steps |
| Mathematics Mistakes | The use of spreadsheets/calculators, checking effects for accuracy |
| Rounding Mistakes | Constant rounding regulations and strategies |
Complex Concerns
Past the elemental calculations of Alternative Review (OA), PR1 (Product Readiness 1), and PR2 (Product Readiness 2), a number of complicated facets and doable obstacles warrant attention. Figuring out those nuances is the most important for correct interpretation and efficient decision-making. Refined fashions ceaselessly incorporate contextual components, and the standard of enter knowledge considerably affects the output’s reliability.Complex calculations ceaselessly contain extra advanced knowledge research tactics, together with the combination of exterior components, like marketplace developments and aggressive panorama.
This ceaselessly necessitates the usage of specialised tool and gear, and cautious attention of doable biases within the knowledge. Moreover, the translation of effects necessitates a radical working out of the context by which those metrics are implemented.
Dealing with Uncertainties and Knowledge Gaps
Knowledge assortment for OA, PR1, and PR2 tests can every now and then be incomplete or include uncertainties. Suitable methodologies for dealing with lacking or inconsistent knowledge are essential for powerful research. This contains using statistical tactics to estimate lacking values or the use of sensitivity research to guage the affect of uncertainties at the calculated metrics. Tough fashions incorporate strategies for quantifying those uncertainties and speaking the related dangers.
Exterior Elements and Contextual Research
Exterior components like marketplace developments, aggressive landscapes, and regulatory adjustments can considerably affect the review of OA, PR1, and PR2. Complete research ceaselessly calls for incorporating exterior knowledge resources and incorporating those components into the calculation fashion. This may occasionally contain the use of situation making plans to guage other imaginable long term states. For instance, an expected build up in uncooked subject material prices may negatively have an effect on a product’s projected profitability.
Style Validation and Calibration
The accuracy and reliability of the fashions used for calculating OA, PR1, and PR2 are the most important. Fashions must be conscientiously validated the use of ancient knowledge and examined towards sensible situations. Calibration comes to adjusting fashion parameters to make sure alignment with seen marketplace realities. This iterative procedure guarantees the fashion stays related and correct in predicting long term results.
Desk Summarizing Complex Concerns
| Facet | Description | Affect |
|---|---|---|
| Knowledge Gaps | Lacking or inconsistent knowledge in calculations. | Attainable for faulty estimations and unreliable effects. |
| Exterior Elements | Marketplace developments, aggressive panorama, and regulatory adjustments. | Affect on product viability and profitability; require incorporation into the fashion. |
| Style Validation | Rigorous trying out of fashions towards ancient knowledge and situations. | Guarantees fashion accuracy and reliability; mitigates possibility. |
| Uncertainty Quantification | Statistical tactics to estimate lacking values and quantify dangers. | Stepped forward accuracy and transparency of effects, together with doable dangers. |
Wrap-Up
So, there you may have it – a complete information to calculating OA, PR1, and PR2. Now we have lined the basics, various calculation strategies, and the sensible implications of those metrics. Take into accout, correct knowledge and right kind interpretation are key to deriving significant insights. Through following this information, you’ll be able to be well-equipped to navigate the sector of educational analysis metrics with self belief.
Very important FAQs
What’s the distinction between PR1 and PR2?
PR1 and PR2 are ceaselessly utilized in educational publishing to measure the affect of publications. PR1 most often makes a speciality of quotation counts inside a selected period of time, whilst PR2 may believe a much wider vary of things just like the affect and status of the mentioning publications.
What knowledge resources are dependable for calculating those metrics?
Dependable knowledge resources for OA, PR1, and PR2 calculations come with respected educational databases, quotation indexes, and institutional repositories. Accuracy and consistency in knowledge assortment are the most important.
What are some not unusual mistakes in calculating OA, PR1, and PR2?
Commonplace mistakes come with mistaken knowledge enter, misinterpreting the precise calculation strategies, and overlooking the context of the metrics. Moderately reviewing the calculation steps and making sure knowledge accuracy is essential.
Are you able to supply a easy instance of a PR1 calculation?
Let’s consider a paper revealed in 2021 receives 10 citations in 2022. The use of a selected PR1 way, this may well be thought to be a excessive affect outcome. Then again, the precise calculation relies on the supply and way used.
